The opposite of Artificial Intelligence is Normal
Stupidity but why design it into a device? Something for my Software
Architecture class.
People are
accidentally setting off Apple’s Emergency SOS alert
If you sleep on your Apple
Watch the wrong way, you might get a wake-up call from the police.
That’s what happened to Jason Rowley, who tweeted about the
incident earlier this week. Using his watch as a sleep tracker, he
ended up holding down the crown button to trigger an emergency call
to the police, who showed up in his bedroom at 1AM. Rowley told us
the police were friendly and helpful, and accustomed to WatchOS
misdials like this one.
If you scan
through Twitter, you’ll find a surprising number of stories
like Rowley’s. It’s a problem for iPhones too, since the same
alert can be triggered through the side button. (One Verge
staffer triggered an alert after mistaking the power button for the
volume controls.) In each case, you’ll
get a blaring countdown and have three to five seconds to turn it off
before your device calls 911 and texts any emergency contacts you’ve
set up.
… The exact sequence of
buttons varies from device to device. A Watch will slip into an
alert just from holding down the crown button long enough, which
seems to be a particular danger if you wear it to sleep. If you’re
running the latest iOS on an iPhone 7 or older, you trigger an SOS by
tapping the side button five times (apparently a common practice for
fidgeters), and more recent iPhones will start the countdown just
from holding the button.
Of course, you can fix some
of this by turning off Autocall in Settings > Emergency SOS, which
will add an extra slider step. But it’s easy to see why you might
not want to. Maybe a few accidental 911 calls isn’t so bad
compared to the risk of an actual emergency?
It may be out there, so we have to search?
Sidney Fussell reports:
Google was served at least four sweeping search warrants by Raleigh, North Carolina police last year, requesting anonymized location data on all users within areas surrounding crime scenes. In one case, Raleigh police requested information on all Google accounts within 17 acres [??? Bob] of a murder, overlapping residences, and businesses. Google did not confirm or deny whether it handed over the requested data to police.
WRAL reporter Tyler Dukes found four investigations in 2017 where police issued these uniquely extensive warrants: two murder cases, one sexual battery case, and an arson case that destroyed two apartment complexes and displaced 41 people.
Read more on Gizmodo.
[From
Gizmondo:
Instead of finding a suspect, and then searching
that person’s data, police are searching enormous amounts of data
to pinpoint a potential suspect.
… Police in each case were requesting account
identifiers, an anonymized string of numbers unique to each device,
and time-stamped location coordinates for every device. Police
wanted to review this information, narrow
down their list, [How?
Bob] and then request user names, birth dates, and other
identifying information regarding the phones’ owners. This
information doesn’t reveal actual text messages or phone call logs.
For that information, police would have to go through a separate
warrant process.
Disturbingly, if Google has handed over data, it
could be under court order not to notify individual users.
I don’t own a phone. Probably makes me a
suspect.
Eva Fedderly reports:
A divided 11th Circuit on Thursday upheld the conviction of a Florida man stemming from a warrantless search of his cellphone, holding that such searches do not violate the Fourth Amendment.
The appellant in the case, Hernando Javier Vergara, was returning home to Tampa, Florida following a cruise to Cozumel, Mexico, when he was subjected to a search of luggage by a Customs and Border Protection officer.
Read more on Courthouse
News.
Could this happen here?
Reuters reports:
China said it will begin applying its so-called social credit system to flights and trains and stop people who have committed misdeeds from taking such transport for up to a year.
Read more on Reuters.
And now do you wonder whether too many people are
too quick to say they have nothing to hide?
For my Computer Security class.
Preventing
Business Email Compromise Requires a Human Touch
Human-powered
Intelligence Plays a Critical Role in Defending Against Socially
Engineered Attacks
The
FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) declared Business Email
Compromise (BEC) the “3.1
billion dollar scam” in 2016, an amount which then grew in the
span of one year into a “5 billion dollar scam.” Trend Micro now
projects those losses in excess of 9 billion dollars.
It’s
an understatement to say BEC scams and the resulting damages are on
the rise. But with cybersecurity spending across all sectors at an
all-time
high, how is such an unsophisticated threat still costing
otherwise well-secured organizations billions of dollars?
Unlike
the numerous types of attacks that incorporate malware, most BEC
scams rely solely on social engineering. In fact, its use of
trickery, deception, and psychological manipulation rather than
malware is largely why BEC continually inflicts such substantial
damages. Since most network defense solutions are designed to detect
emails containing malware and malicious links, BEC emails often land
directly in users’ inboxes. And when this happens, the fate of an
attempted BEC scam is in the hands of its recipient.
If
it can be done, should my Ethical hackers give it a try? The article
gives some tips on how it works…
GrayKey
iPhone unlocker poses serious security concerns
… In late 2017, word of a new iPhone unlocker
device started to circulate: a
device called GrayKey, made by a company named Grayshift. Based
in Atlanta, Georgia, Grayshift was founded in 2016, and is a
privately-held company with fewer than 50 employees. Little was
known publicly about this device—or even whether it was a device or
a service—until
recently, as the GrayKey website is protected by a portal that
screens for law enforcement affiliation.
According to Forbes, the GrayKey iPhone unlocker
device is marketed for in-house use at law enforcement offices or
labs. This is drastically different from Cellebrite’s overall
business model, in that it puts complete control of the process in
the hands of law enforcement.
Thanks to an anonymous source, we now know what
this mysterious device looks like, and how it works. And while the
technology is a good thing for law enforcement, it presents some
significant security risks.
Social Media as a targeting tool.
US spy lab
hopes to geotag every outdoor photo on social media
Imagine if someone could scan every image on
Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram, then instantly determine where each
was taken. The ability to combine this location data with
information about who appears in those photos—and any social media
contacts tied to them—would make it possible for government
agencies to quickly track terrorist groups posting propaganda photos.
(And, really, just about anyone else.)
That's precisely the goal of Finder,
a research program of the Intelligence
Advanced Research Projects Agency (IARPA), the Office of the
Director of National Intelligence's dedicated research organization.
For many photos
taken with smartphones (and with some consumer cameras),
geolocation information is saved with the image by default. The
location is stored in the Exif
(Exchangable Image File Format) data of the photo itself unless
geolocation services are turned off. If you have used Apple's iCloud
photo store or Google Photos, you've probably created a rich map of
your pattern of life through geotagged metadata. However, this
location data is pruned off for privacy reasons when images are
uploaded to some social media services, and privacy-conscious
photographers (particularly those concerned about potential drone
strikes) will purposely disable geotagging on their devices and
social media accounts.
… The Finder program seeks to fill in the gaps
in photo and video geolocation by developing technologies that build
on analysts' own geolocation skills, taking in images from diverse,
publicly available sources to identify elements of terrain or the
visible skyline. In addition to photos, the system will pull its
imagery from sources such as commercial satellite and orthogonal
imagery. The goal of the program's contractors—Applied Research
Associates, BAE Systems, Leidos (the company formerly known as
Science Applications Incorporated), and Object Video—is a system
that can identify the location of photos or video "in any
outdoor terrestrial location."
(Related)
What Do
Saudi Arabia, Iraq, UAE, Egypt, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Nigeria,
Burma And Bangladesh Have In Common?
They’ve all
bought military
UAVs from China. I didn’t realize China had advanced so far in
military exports.
Looks like a dogpile on Facebook.
Facebook
may have violated FTC privacy deal, say former federal officials,
triggering risk of massive fines
Probably all social media will have to have a
generalized version of this soon. Easy to see how that capability
could be misused.
France’s
new cyberhate law will require Facebook and Twitter to remove racist
content within 24 hours
As part of an ongoing effort to fight rising
racism and anti-Semitism, the French government announced today that
it will introduce new legislation requiring digital platforms to more
swiftly remove offensive content.
In announcing details of the proposed law after
months of review, French prime minister Edouard Philippe said France
will move to adopt the cyberhate law immediately while also pressing
the European Union to adopt a version of the same measures for all
members. While only some of the details were revealed, the French
proposal mirrors a German law that went into effect this years and
threatens fines of up to €50 million ($62 million) if a social
network does not take down content identified as hate speech within
24 hours.
(Related)
Despite warnings and
flagged accounts, Zello left accounts with ISIS flag avatars and
jihadist descriptions live on its service.
(Related)
One Way
Facebook Can Stop the Next Cambridge Analytica
In a 2013 paper,
psychologist Michal Kosinski and collaborators from University of
Cambridge in the United Kingdom warned that “the predictability of
individual attributes from digital records of behavior may have
considerable negative implications,” posing a threat to
“well-being, freedom, or even life.” This warning followed their
striking findings about how accurately the personal attributes of a
person (from political leanings to intelligence to sexual
orientation) could be inferred from nothing but their Facebook likes.
Kosinski and his colleagues had access to this information through
the voluntary participation of the Facebook users by offering them
the results of a personality
quiz, a method that can drive viral engagement. Of course, one
person’s warning may be another’s inspiration.
Kosinski’s original research really was an
important scientific finding. The paper has been cited
more than 1,000 times and the dataset has spawned many other
studies. But the potential uses for it go far beyond academic
research. In the past few days, the Guardian
and the New York Times
have published a number of new stories about Cambridge Analytica, the
data mining and analytics firm best known for aiding President
Trump’s campaign and the pro-Brexit campaign. This trove of
reporting shows how Cambridge Analytica allegedly relied on the
psychologist Aleksandr Kogan (who also goes by Aleksandr
Spectre), a colleague of the original researchers at Cambridge,
to gain access to profiles of around 50 million Facebook users.
Suppose Amazon wants to buy in…
Google
plans to boost Amazon competitors in search
Google may be assembling a supergroup of big
retail brands to go to war
with Amazon over the future of online shopping. Reuters
is reporting that the search engine is teaming up with Target,
Walmart, Home Depot, Costco and Ulta for the new project. These
companies, and any other willing participants, can index their
catalogs on Google, which will show up when someone starts searching
for stuff to buy. Naturally, rather than receiving an ad fee, Google
simply gets a cut of the sales that are subsequently generated.
The report claims that Google is selling its new
anti-Amazon tools on the basis that it is utterly dominant in the
search world.
Perspective.
Paper –
Law, Metaphor, and the Encrypted Machine
Gill, Lex, Law, Metaphor, and the Encrypted
Machine (March 12, 2018). Osgoode Legal Studies Research Paper No.
72, Volume 13, Issue 16, 2018. Available at SSRN:
https://ssrn.com/abstract=3138684
“The metaphors we use to imagine, describe and
regulate new technologies have profound legal implications. This
paper offers a critical examination of the metaphors we choose to
describe encryption technology in particular, and aims to uncover
some of the normative and legal implications of those choices. Part
I provides a basic description of encryption as a mathematical and
technical process. At the
heart of this paper is a question about what encryption is to the
law. It is therefore fundamental that readers have a
shared understanding of the basic scientific concepts at stake. This
technical description will then serve to illustrate the host of legal
and political problems arising from encryption technology, the most
important of which are addressed in Part II. That section also
provides a brief history of various legislative and judicial
responses to the encryption “problem,” mapping out some of the
major challenges still faced by jurists, policymakers and activists.
While this paper draws largely upon common law sources from the
United States and Canada, metaphor provides a core form of cognitive
scaffolding across legal traditions. Part III explores the
relationship between metaphor and the law, demonstrating the ways in
which it may shape, distort or transform the structure of legal
reasoning. Part IV demonstrates that the function served by legal
metaphor is particularly determinative wherever the law seeks to
integrate novel technologies into old legal frameworks. Strong,
ubiquitous commercial encryption has created a range of legal
problems for which the appropriate metaphors remain unfixed. Part
V establishes a loose framework for thinking about how encryption has
been described by courts and lawmakers — and how it could be.
What does it mean to describe the encrypted machine as a locked
container or building? As a combination safe? As a form of speech?
As an untranslatable library or an unsolvable puzzle? What is
captured by each of these cognitive models, and what is lost? This
section explores both the technological accuracy and the legal
implications of each choice. Finally, the paper offers a few
concluding thoughts about the utility and risk of metaphor in the
law, reaffirming the need for a critical, transparent and lucid
appreciation of language and the power it wields.”
For the toolkit.
Twitter for
Business: Everything You Need to Know
Another tool for the toolkit. Knowing it can be
done is half the battle.
… Easy
Screen OCR is a solid program for grabbing the text from any
image on your PC. Head to its homepage and download it, opting for
the portable version if you like.
Just in time for my Software Architecture class!
Ongoing
series of nonverbal algorithm assembly instructions based on IKEA
methodology
“IDEA
is a series of nonverbal algorithm assembly instructions by Sándor
P. Fekete, Sebastian
Morr, and Sebastian
Stiller. They were originally created for Sándor’s algorithms
and datastructures lecture at TU Braunschweig, but we hope they
will be useful in all sorts of context. We publish them here so that
they can be used by teachers, students, and curious people alike.
Visit the about
page to learn more.”
Something to mention to my students. (Yes, that
includes textbooks!)
Preaching
to the choir – Why Reading Books Should be Your Priority, According
to Science
Inc.,
Christina DesMarais: “More than a quarter–26 percent–of
American adults admit
to not having read even part of a book within the last year.
That’s according to statistics
coming out of the Pew
Research Center. If you’re part of this group, know that
science supports the idea that reading is good
for you on several levels.
-
Reading fiction can help you be more open-minded and creative.
-
People who read books live longer. [Good to know!!]
-
Reading 50 books a year is something you can actually accomplish.
-
Successful people are readers….”
Dilbert on the future technology of crime
fighting?
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