Wednesday, July 07, 2021

Might make a fun exercise in Computer Security or Privacy.

https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/4-steps-find-information-someone-online/

How to Find Information on Someone Online: 7 Simple Steps





Interesting. I assume there is some simple legal explanation that I don’t understand. Unlikely the crooks will comply, right?

https://www.theregister.com/2021/07/06/ransomware_4_new_square_chambers/

Ransomware-hit law firm gets court order asking crooks not to publish the data they stole

A barristers' chambers hit by a ransomware attack has responded by getting a court order demanding the criminals do not share stolen data.

4 New Square chambers, which counts IT dispute experts among its ranks, obtained a privacy injunction from the High Court at the end of June against "person or persons unknown" who were "blackmailing" the firm.

Those persons were said to be "responsible for engaging in a cyber-attack on [the barristers] on or about 12 June 2021 and/or who is threatening to release the information thereby obtained."

Trade mag The Lawyer reported the ransomware attack but the obtaining of an injunction against people outside the jurisdiction of the English courts seems strange.

Handed down by Mrs Justice Steyn, the injunction orders the ransomware criminals not to "use, publish or communicate or disclose to any other person" any of the (unspecified) data they stole in June. No data from 4 New Square appears to have been published on the known ransomware gangs' Tor-hosted leak blogs, though the injunction return date is this Friday (9 July).





Worth reading?

https://themarkup.org/privacy/2021/07/06/this-manual-for-a-popular-facial-recognition-tool-shows-just-how-much-the-software-tracks-people

This Manual for a Popular Facial Recognition Tool Shows Just How Much the Software Tracks People

The public records The Markup reviewed included a 2019 user guide for AnyVision’s software called “Better Tomorrow.” The manual contains details on AnyVision’s tracking capabilities and provides insight on just how people can be identified and followed through its facial recognition.





Searching for AIristotle?

https://dailynous.com/2021/07/06/shaping-the-ai-revolution-in-philosophy-guest-post/

Shaping the AI Revolution In Philosophy (guest post)

Despite the great promise of AI, we maintain that unless philosophers theorize about and help develop philosophy-specific AI, it is likely that AI will not be as philosophically useful.”

In the following guest post, Caleb Ontiveros, a philosophy graduate student-turned-software engineer and writer, and Graham Clay, a recent philosophy PhD from the University of Notre Dame, discuss the possibility of AI providing a “suite of tools” that could revolutionize philosophy, and why it’s important that “philosophers help develop and theorize about” the role of AI in philosophy.





Cool! Now my AI can read this and become a virtual lawyer!

https://www.bespacific.com/law-professors-desk-reference-introduction-and-table-of-contents/

Law Professor’s Desk Reference – Introduction and Table of Contents

Garon, Jon M., Law Professor’s Desk Reference – Introduction and Table of Contents (June 11, 2021). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3865067 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3865067

Law school faculty members are expected to be legal scholars, effective teachers, and engaged institutional partners, but the information essential to develop these skills has not been published in one single source, until now. LAW PROFESSOR’S DESK REFERENCE provides faculty members a foundation for student learning, effective teaching, and student engagement. It offers strategies for teaching face-to-face, online, and blended education. It provides a roadmap to help faculty develop meaningful scholarship, and it addresses law school administration, shared governance, academic freedom, hiring, tenure, and accreditation. More than a reflection on legal education, the book provides a “user’s manual” for the legal academy.”





Why Johnny can’t get hired...

https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/07/07/1027916/we-tested-ai-interview-tools/

We tested AI interview tools. Here’s what we found.

One gave our candidate a high score for English proficiency when she spoke only in German.

AI-powered interview software claims to help employers sift through applications to find the best people for the job. Companies specializing in this technology reported a surge in business during the pandemic.

But as the demand for these technologies increases, so do questions about their accuracy and reliability. In the latest episode of MIT Technology Review’s podcast “In Machines We Trust,” we tested software from two firms specializing in AI job interviews, MyInterview and Curious Thing. And we found variations in the predictions and job-matching scores that raise concerns about what exactly these algorithms are evaluating.





Make money by reformatting what you already know?

https://www.makeuseof.com/social-media-platforms-that-pay-creators/

9 Social Media Platforms That Pay You to Create Content





Tools & Techniques.

https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/4-sites-create-wikipedialike-website/

How to Create a Wiki: The 7 Best Sites That Make It Easy



Tuesday, July 06, 2021

Speech does not have to be logical, software does.

https://www.makeuseof.com/gettr-got-hacked/

GETTR, the Pro-Trump Social Media Platform, Got Hacked

Donald Trump has had issues with staying online in the past, and it seems those problems aren't going away.

As reported on Business Insider, GETTR was launched during Independence Day. GETTR is a social media platform with a pro-Trump focus after the ex-president ran afoul of issues on other websites.

However, it appears this new website has its own fair share of problems. In the wee hours of the morning after the launch, several high-ranking profiles had been successfully hacked.





An evil (or at least paranoid) thought. Suppose the bad guys say they will only decrypt the data of the first X percent of victims to settle. (Or the top X bidders.) Everyone else will have to live without their help.

https://www.databreaches.net/some-kaseya-victims-privately-negotiating-with-revil/

Some Kaseya victims privately negotiating with REvil

While the headlines blare about REvil offering to decrypt all victims of the Kaseya attack if they are paid $70 million, some companies have apparently already taken to individual negotiations with the threat actors.

Over on SuspectFile, Marco A. De Felice is careful not to name the victim, but describes one such set of negotiatons going on. The chat logs he observed suggest that there is a lot of confusion with perhaps more than one set of negotiations going on for the same victim. There is also inconsistency in the ransom demands being made for an individual company, with it variously being listed as $550,000 but settling for $225,000, and in another place it appeared to be less than $50,000.

But Marco also raises the question: who is uploading and pointing people to these negotiations and chats on threat actors’ servers? Marco hypothesizes that it is the threat actors themselves. It’s an interesting hypothesis, but I’d still be more inclined to believe that it is an employee of a firm with knowledge of the attack(s). But do read his post and see what you think of it all.

Kaseya’s updates can be found here. Another update is due today between 8:00 am and noon EDT. Although early reports suggested that malware was pushed out after being injected into the codebase, the firm later stated that this was a direct attack on victims by use of a 0-day. The number of victims seems to vary wildly from source to source and report to report, but remember that each single victim/client of Kaseya may have downstream clients, so the total number of companies impacted may be quite large.



(Related)

https://www.theregister.com/2021/07/05/cyber_insurance_report/

The cost of cyber insurance increased 32 per cent last year and shows no signs of easing

The cost of insurance to protect businesses and organisations against the ever-increasing threat of cybercrimes has soared by a third in the last year, according to international insurance brokers Howden.

It found that global cyber insurance pricing has increased by an average of 32 per cent in the year to June.

Not only are premiums going through the roof, insurers are also attaching more strings to their policies, demanding ever more assurances that firms taking out cover have the necessary systems and processes in place to prevent a cyber mishap.

According to Howden's Cyber Insurance: A Hard Reset the upward squeeze on premiums shows no sign of easing, which, in turn, is putting more strain on the sector.

Last week, a report by the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI) – Cyber Insurance and the Cyber Security Challenge – warned that the spike in ransomware attacks had led to some insurers wondering if they should pull out of the market.





So where should we draw the line? And is the police department the best monitor of social media?

https://www.wired.com/story/ai-helps-police-monitor-social-media-go-too-far/

This AI Helps Police Monitor Social Media. Does It Go Too Far?

SINCE 2016, CIVIL liberties groups have raised alarms about online surveillance of social media chatter by city officials and police departments. Services like Media Sonar, Social Sentinel, and Geofeedia analyze online conversations, clueing in police and city leaders to what hundreds of thousands of users are saying online.

Zencity, an Israeli data-analysis firm that serves 200 agencies across the US, markets itself as a less invasive alternative, because it offers only aggregate data and forbids targeted surveillance of protests. Cities like Phoenix, New Orleans, and Pittsburgh say they use the service to combat misinformation and gauge public reaction to topics like social distancing enforcement or traffic laws.





What’s real in AI? Real enough to patent?

https://www.bespacific.com/artificial-intelligence-patent-dataset/

Artificial Intelligence Patent Dataset

To assist researchers and policymakers focusing on the determinants and impacts of artificial intelligence (AI) invention, OCE released two data files, collectively called the Artificial Intelligence Patent Dataset (AIPD). The first data file identifies United States (U.S.) patents issued between 1976 and 2020 and pre-grant publications (PGPubs) published through 2020 that contain one or more of several AI technology components (including machine learning, natural language processing, computer vision, speech, knowledge processing, AI hardware, evolutionary computation, and planning and control). OCE generated this data file using a machine learning (ML) approach that analyzed patent text and citations to identify AI in U.S. patent documents (Abood and Feltenberger 2018; Toole et al. 2020). OCE’s approach is based on the methodology of Abood and Feltenberger (2018), but also includes an analysis of patent claims to better identify AI contained in the technical and legal scope of the invention. The second data file contains the patent documents used to train the ML models.

  • A working paper describing the dataset is available and can be cited as Giczy, A., Pairolero, N., and Toole, A. 2021. Identifying artificial intelligence (AI) invention: A novel AI patent dataset. USPTO Economic Working Paper Series No. 2021-2. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3866793.

  • This effort was made possible through cross business unit collaboration among OCE, the Office of Policy and International Affairs, the Patents Business Unit, and the Office of the Chief Information Officer. The AIPD was used in the USPTO report “Inventing AI: Tracing the diffusion of artificial intelligence with U.S. patents.”



(Related) Mr. Zillman always seems to list everything related to his topic.

https://www.llrx.com/2021/06/artificial-intelligence-resources-on-the-internet-2021/

Artificial Intelligence Resources on the Internet 2021

Articles, studies, reports and investigations abound on how AI is impacting all aspects of our lives inclusive of privacy, social media, healthcare, the economy, the financial system, education, communications, law, the courts and technology. This is a timely, broad overview of resources, sites and applications that span subject matter and disciplines and the many permutations of the technologies that drive artificial intelligence.





Some examples…

https://venturebeat.com/2021/07/05/ai-legislation-needs-to-broaden-its-focus-from-rd-to-address-bias-in-algorithmic-decision-making-systems/

AI legislation must address bias in algorithmic decision-making systems

In early June, border officials “quietly deployed the mobile app CBP One at the U.S.-Mexico border to “streamline the processing of asylum seekers. While the app will reduce manual data entry and speed up the process, it also relies on controversial facial recognition technologies and stores sensitive information on asylum seekers prior to their entry to the U.S. The issue here is not the use of artificial intelligence per se, but what it means in relation to the Biden administration’s pre-election promise of civil rights in technology, including AI bias and data privacy.

The current state of AI legislation in the U.S. is disappointing, [with] a majority of AI-related legislation focused almost solely on investment, research, and maintaining competitiveness with other countries, primarily China,” Winters said.

But there is some promising legislation waiting in the wings. The Algorithmic Justice and Online Platform Transparency bill, introduced by Sen. Edward Markey and Rep. Doris Matsui in May, clamps down on harmful algorithms, encourages transparency of websites’ content amplification and moderation practices, and proposes a cross-government investigation into discriminatory algorithmic processes throughout the economy.





Some thoughts on the HR-bot.

https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=839a1a78-2192-4ca4-a88e-3bf02f40a6ba

Artificial intelligence and algorithms in the workplace

Is removing subjective human choice from HR decisions going to create more problems than it solves?

In May 2021, the TUC and the AI Consultancy published a report - Technology Managing People - the legal implications - highlighting exactly these sorts of issues and calling for legal reform.

For employers looking for ideas on good practice in this area, the policy paper published by ACAS - My boss the algorithm: an ethical look at algorithms in the workplace - is a good starting point, although it should be noted this is not ACAS guidance.





Bias is people making choices. Bias goes both ways? Some day, none of this will matter.

https://businessden.com/2021/07/06/du-trial-advocacy-program-director-accuses-law-school-of-gender-bias/

DU law professor accuses law school of gender bias

Schott indicates in the lawsuit that the problems began in the summer of 2016 when, during a meeting with Moffat, he claims she said she “did not want to see white men teaching anymore in the Center for Advocacy.”





A new (to me) resource.

https://www.bespacific.com/how-to-find-the-documents-behind-big-legal-cases/

How to find the documents behind big legal cases

The Verge / Adi Robertson: “Earlier this year, I spent a month covering the trial for a dispute between Apple and Epic. The case was one of the biggest antitrust suits in recent memory, and it brought to light revelations about both companies and the larger tech industry, often in the form of legal filings. I (and other reporters) try to pick out the most relevant details from these filings for readers. But sometimes, the documents are worth checking out in their own right. A site called CourtListener makes that easier than it might sound — if you know how to look….

Maintained by the nonprofit Free Law Project, CourtListener hosts a free and open archive of millions of filings. It contains court opinions, audio of oral arguments from trials, and something called the RECAP archive — which is where you’ll find a lot of the most interesting material. That includes the long back-and-forth between Apple and Epic, government allegations like the cryptocurrency fraud claims against late antivirus tycoon John McAfee, and important legal decisions like a judge tossing the aforementioned Facebook antitrust suit …”



Monday, July 05, 2021

Only the biggest so far. Think we can trust the hackers to hand over the encryption keys and retire to Miami Beach?

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/kaseya-atttack-biggest-known-ransomware/

Hackers demand $70 million to end biggest ransomware attack on record

Cybersecurity teams are working feverishly to stem the impact of the single biggest global ransomware attack on record, with some details emerging about how the Russia-linked gang behind it breached the company whose software was the conduit.

An affiliate of the notorious REvil gang, best known for extorting $11 million from the meat-processor JBS after a Memorial Day attack, infected thousands of victims in at least 17 countries on Friday, largely through firms that remotely manage IT infrastructure for multiple customers, cybersecurity researchers said.

REvil was demanding ransoms of up to $5 million, the researchers said. But late Sunday it offered in a posting on its dark web site a universal decryptor software key that would unscramble all affected machines in exchange for $70 million in cryptocurrency.

Earlier, the FBI said in a statement that while it was investigating the attack its scale "may make it so that we are unable to respond to each victim individually." [Imagine the scale of an all out cyber war! Bob]



(Related)

https://therecord.media/revil-gang-asks-70-million-to-decrypt-systems-locked-in-kaseya-attack/

REvil gang asks for $70 million to decrypt systems locked in Kaseya attack

In a message posted on their dark web blog, the REvil gang officially took credit for the attack for the first time and claimed they locked more than one million systems during the Kaseya incident.





How much clout do these companies have?

https://www.wsj.com/articles/facebook-twitter-google-warn-planned-hong-kong-tech-law-could-drive-them-out-11625483036?mod=djemalertNEWS

Facebook, Twitter, Google Threaten to Quit Hong Kong Over Proposed Data Laws

Facebook Inc., Twitter Inc. and Alphabet Inc.’s Google have privately warned the Hong Kong government that they could stop offering their services in the city if authorities proceed with planned changes to data-protection laws that could make them liable for the malicious sharing of individuals’ information online.

A letter sent by an industry group that includes the internet firms said companies are concerned that the planned rules to address doxing could put their staff at risk of criminal investigations or prosecutions related to what the firms’ users post online. Doxing refers to the practice of putting people’s personal information online so they can be harassed by others.

Hong Kong’s Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau in May proposed amendments to the city’s data-protection laws that it said were needed to combat doxing, a practice that was prevalent during 2019 protests in the city.





Because eventually you will become a criminal…

https://www.pogowasright.org/orange-county-prosecutors-operate-vast-secretive-genetic-surveillance-program/

Orange County Prosecutors Operate “Vast, Secretive” Genetic Surveillance Program

Jordan Smith reports:

William Thompson, a professor emeritus of criminology and law at the University of California, Irvine, lives in University Hills, an on-campus residential community that affords, as he says, “poorly paid academics” in an area with high housing costs the ability to live near work. He was outside one day a few years ago when he was approached by a neighbor, another member of the university faculty, who had a story for him. She’d been walking her dog without a leash — which is generally against the law in Orange County, where Irvine is located — when she got stopped and cited for the misdemeanor offense. She expected to go to court to pay a fine (a first offense is $100), but when she got there, she found out it wouldn’t be that simple. Instead, she was told that to make the infraction go away, she would have to give up a DNA sample.
This was not the first time Thompson had heard a story like this.

Read more on The Intercept.





What would Sun Tzu’s AI do?

https://nationalinterest.org/blog/buzz/future-wars-will-be-fought-%E2%80%98hyperactive-battlefield%E2%80%99-189096

Future Wars Will Be Fought on the ‘Hyperactive Battlefield’

Precision weaponry, artificial intelligence-enabled data processing, electronic warfare, space-traveling hypersonic weapons, and borderless geographically unknown cyber-attacks continue to reshape modern war in ways that have not been anticipated, inspiring a massive Pentagon modernization push to include efforts to find the best and most impactful warfare innovations.

Future wars will likely be decided in the realm of “high-speed information-networking,” software upgrades that include artificial intelligence, long-range sensing, stealth, precision weapons and, perhaps most of all, sensor-to-shooter decision cycles. Army Futures Command Commander Gen. John Murray has often said that the future of warfare is expected to be what he called a “hyperactive battlefield.”





What if the AI showed up to read its acceptance speech?

https://www.economist.com/what-if/2021/07/03/what-if-an-ai-wins-the-nobel-prize-for-medicine

What if an AI won the Nobel prize for medicine?

This year What If?, our annual collection of scenarios, considers the future of health. Each of these stories is fiction, but grounded in historical fact, current speculation and real science. They do not present a unified narrative but are set in different possible futures



Sunday, July 04, 2021

Is it war yet? Curious that this happens on the Friday of a long holiday weekend. Curious that it’s the fourth of July. Curious that the President can’t immediately point to the source.

https://gizmodo.com/a-large-ransomware-attack-may-have-ensnared-hundreds-of-1847222405

A Large Ransomware Attack Has Ensnared Hundreds of Companies [Update: Make That 1,000+ Companies]

On Friday, Kaseya disclosed that it had been the victim of a “potential attack,” implying that hackers were somehow targeting users of its VSA on-premises product. Customers should shut down VSA “IMMEDIATELY,” an alert reads.

While the company has claimed that the attack is “limited to a small number” of customers, Kaseya’s position in a wider IT ecosystem means the effects of this attack could be quite large—potentially making it one of the largest ransomware attacks in history.



(Related)

https://www.france24.com/en/americas/20210704-massive-us-ransomware-attack-forces-swedish-shops-to-shut-fbi-investigating

Massive US ransomware attack forces Swedish shops to shut, FBI investigating

One of the largest ransomware attacks in history spread worldwide on Saturday, forcing the Swedish Coop grocery store chain to close all 800 of its stores because it could not operate its cash registers.

The shutdown of the major food retailer followed Friday's unusually sophisticated attack on U.S. tech provider Kaseya. The ransomware gang known as REvil is suspected of hijacking Kaseya's desktop management tool VSA and pushing a malicious update that infect tech management providers serving thousands of business.

The impacted businesses had files encrypted and were left electronic messages asking for ransom payments of thousands or millions of dollars.

Some experts said the timing of the attack, on the Friday before a long U.S. holiday weekend, was aimed at spreading it as quickly as possible while employees were away from the job.

FBI Statement on Kaseya Ransomware Attack https://t.co/tvHh5Xekio



(Related)

https://www.reuters.com/technology/biden-says-uncertain-who-is-behind-latest-ransomware-attack-2021-07-03/

Biden orders probe of latest ransomware attack

President Joe Biden said on Saturday he has directed U.S. intelligence agencies to investigate who was behind a sophisticated ransomware attack that hit hundreds of American businesses and led to suspicions of Russian gang involvement. [‘cause they wouldn’t investigate without his direction? Bob]

Biden said "we're not certain" who is behind the attack. "The initial thinking was it was not the Russian government but we're not sure yet," he said.

Biden said he had directed U.S. intelligence agencies to investigate, and the United States will respond if they determine Russia is to blame.





Timely, if not perfect.

https://www.databreaches.net/nydfs-issues-guidance-on-cybersecurity-controls-to-combat-ransomware-and-clarifies-reporting-obligations/

NYDFS Issues Guidance on Cybersecurity Controls to Combat Ransomware and Clarifies Reporting Obligations

Lance Taubin, Kate Hanniford, and Kimberly Peretti of Alston & Bird write:

The New York Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) issued new guidance this week intended to assist organizations in thwarting ransomware attacks. The guidance clarifies the NYDFS’ expectation that NYDFS-regulated companies should “implement these controls whenever possible” and report any successful deployment of ransomware or unauthorized access to privilege accounts to the NYDFS under its established cybersecurity event reporting regulations.

Read more on Privacy, Cyber & Data Strategy Blog.





Just because your algorithm is based on previous decisions does not mean it is more perfect than those decisions. (Garbage in, garbage out)

https://labourlaw.unibo.it/article/view/13117

The anti-discrimination right to the artificial intelligence test

Starting from the analysis of the case relating to the Frank algorithm, decided by the Court of Bologna, the contribution intends to highlight the more complex challenges to which the anti-discrimination law is exposed where Artificial Intelligence systems are based on machine-learning approaches, in particular the problems connected to algorithmic opacity, to the so-called “black box” effect.

First of all, the issue of transparency will be examined in its declination within the different regulatory levels involved, in relation to the protection of personal data, software copyrights and industrial secrets. The investigation will therefore focus on reconstructing possible solutions aimed at strengthening and guaranteeing anti-discrimination protection. The reflection will focus on the verification of the measures contained in the proposed Regulation on Artificial Intelligence and of the techniques that could be borrowed from the proposed Directive on pay transparency in the context of gender equality, proposals that were both presented by the European Commission in 2021.





Do we have any “not artificial” intelligence based businesses?

https://www.techradar.com/news/the-future-of-the-ai-based-enterprise

The future of the AI-based enterprise

Imagine an enterprise like a living organism that will naturally adapt based on the environment. Its products and services, will grow, shrink, defend, and heal themselves as needed. This is the future of the AI-based enterprise. We are living in an unprecedented time. Technology innovations disrupt existing industry business models, in some cases completely replace existing industries, and continuously and fundamentally changes the way we live and interact with each other.

Compared with the industrial revolution and the Internet revolution, the AI revolution is proceeding at an even faster pace. In the coming decades, AI will profoundly impact every aspect of our daily life, from home, to work, to our society.



(Related) How soon will the first AI pass the Bar? Will all law firms require an AI partner to be taken seriously?

https://www.natlawreview.com/article/natural-language-processing-nlp-litigation-can-alexa-help-you-win-your-next-mass

Natural Language Processing (NLP) in Litigation: Can Alexa Help You Win Your Next Mass Torts Case?

In mass torts, trial teams deal with large amounts of medical records – it’s par for the course, but these days they are more likely dealing with some form of electronic health records (EHRs). EHRs are basically the medical data of a patient stored on computers, in portals and on extranet sites. According to Forbes, in 2020, the amount of healthcare data created globally was estimated at 2,314 exabytes (a single exabyte is equivalent to one billion gigabytes).

So how does one wade through the billions of bytes to get to the key pieces of information needed? Using the artificial intelligence of Natural Language Processing (NLP) – how the computer analyzes and processes the natural written and spoken language of humans.



(Related)

https://ruj.uj.edu.pl/xmlui/handle/item/275449

Electronic person - de lege ferenda analysis on the basis of selected institutions of the Polish legal order

The subject of this paper is to discuss the issues related to the legitimacy of introducing a new entity of civil law into the Polish legal order in the form of an electronic person, as an entity that would be independently liable for damages caused in the course of its operation beyond human control. Given the similar level of autonomy in the undertaken activities, smart contracts and other homogeneous programs and artificial intelligence algorithms will be considered collectively for the purposes of this paper as entities to which an electronic personality would be granted. Concepts related to the field of new technologies will be introduced, such as distributed ledger technology (DLT), blockchain, smart contracts, decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) or high frequency trading (HFT), as well as problems related to the current legal approach to smart contracts. An attempt will be made to indicate the superior standards according to which autonomous entities aspiring to the legal status of an electronic person should be created. Then, an analysis of the compliance of the introduction of an electronic person in the form proposed in this paper with the standards resulting from the Constitution, in particular in the sphere of human rights and freedoms, will be carried out. The issues of jurisdiction, legal capacity of an electronic person, grounds for liability for damages, as well as sources of property and the issue of enforcement will also be discussed. The above critical analysis of the norms of substantive and procedural civil law will be extended to include examples of possible future changes in the applicable regulations, enabling electronic persons to function in accordance with the intended purpose.





A good start, but probably not sufficient.

https://www.makeuseof.com/what-is-a-blockchain-protocol-and-why-is-it-important-for-crypto/

What Is a Blockchain Protocol and Why Is It Important for Crypto?

Blockchain protocols are critical for the functioning of all cryptocurrencies. But what are they, and how do they work?





For those rare times when beer is not available...

https://www.makeuseof.com/best-wine-apps/

The 10 Best Wine Apps for Connoisseurs