Saturday, August 16, 2025

A persistent question: Is this a preparation for war?

https://www.theregister.com/2025/08/15/typhoonadjacent_chinese_crew_taiwan_web_servers/

Typhoon-adjacent Chinese crew broke into Taiwanese web host

A suspected Chinese-government-backed cyber crew recently broke into a Taiwanese web hosting provider to steal credentials and plant backdoors for long-term access, using a mix of open-source and custom software tools, Cisco Talos reports.





Tools & Techniques. (Is this cheating?)

https://www.makeuseof.com/back-to-school-ai-tools/

These Are the Best Free AI Tools for Anyone Heading Back to School

With AI now, the back-to-school season feels a lot different than it used to, in the best way possible. There are a bunch of free AI tools out there that you should be using for studying smarter, and there's no better time to start exploring them than right now.



Thursday, August 14, 2025

Perspective.

https://www.iiss.org/online-analysis/six-analytic-blog/2025/08/national-digital-ids-in-the-age-of-artificial-intelligence/

National digital IDs in the age of artificial intelligence

In the United Kingdom, it seems the government of Prime Minister Keir Starmer is considering the rollout of national digital IDs – a potential move that sits at the crossroads of immigration policy, the newly implemented Online Safety Act and a fresh inquiry launched by the Home Affairs Committee to examine the potential risks and rewards of state-issued digital identification.

The news from the UK points towards a global trend. Since Finland introduced the first ‘electronic identity card’ in 1999, digital identity systems have played key roles in service provision and public security more than 130 countries. The COVID-19 pandemic was a major driver of adoption, since it heightened governments’ awareness of the benefits of using population-wide datasets for public-health responses. According to the United Nations, by 2024, 78% of member states had enacted legislation or issued policy documents for digital IDs enabling access to public services. Just in the last three months, China has rolled out a new biometric ID programme for online services and Ethiopia has launched its Fayda digital ID, while Armenia has announced plans to roll out a new biometric ID card system in 2026.



Wednesday, August 13, 2025

What could Russia learn?

https://www.bespacific.com/russia-is-suspected-to-be-behind-breach-of-federal-court-filing-system/

Russia Is Suspected to Be Behind Breach of Federal Court Filing System

Follow up to Federal court filing system hit in sweeping hack see the New York Times – Russia Is Suspected to Be Behind Breach of Federal Court Filing System. “Federal officials are scrambling to assess the damage and address flaws in a sprawling, heavily used computer system long known to have vulnerabilities. Investigators have uncovered evidence that Russia is at least in part responsible for a recent hack of the computer system that manages federal court documents, including highly sensitive records that might contain information that could reveal sources and people charged with national security crimes, according to several people briefed on the breach. It is not clear what entity is responsible, whether an arm of Russian intelligence might be behind the intrusion or if other countries were also involved, which some of the people familiar with the matter described as a yearslong effort to infiltrate the system. Some of the searches included midlevel criminal cases in the New York City area and several other jurisdictions, with some cases involving people with Russian and Eastern European surnames. The disclosure comes as President Trump is expected to meet with his Russian counterpart, Vladimir V. Putin, in Alaska on Friday, where Mr. Trump is planning to discuss his push to end the war in Ukraine…”





History, for those interested.

https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2025/08/sigint-during-world-war-ii.html

SIGINT During World War II

The NSA and GCHQ have jointly published a history of World War II SIGINT: “Secret Messengers: Disseminating SIGINT in the Second World War.” This is the story of the British SLUs (Special Liaison Units) and the American SSOs (Special Security Officers).



Tuesday, August 12, 2025

Is this article neural data?

https://fpf.org/blog/the-neural-data-goldilocks-problem-defining-neural-data-in-u-s-state-privacy-laws/

The “Neural Data” Goldilocks Problem: Defining “Neural Data” in U.S. State Privacy Laws

As of halfway through 2025, four U.S. states have enacted laws regarding “neural data” or “neurotechnology data.” These laws, all of which amend existing state privacy laws, signify growing lawmaker interest in regulating what’s being considered a distinct, particularly sensitive kind of data: information about people’s thoughts, feelings, and mental activity. Created in response to the burgeoning neurotechnology industry, neural data laws in the U.S. seek to extend existing protections for the most sensitive of personal data to the newly-conceived legal category of “neural data.”

Each of these laws defines “neural data” in related but distinct ways, raising a number of important questions: just how broad should this new data type be? How can lawmakers draw clear boundaries for a data type that, in theory, could apply to anything that reveals an individual’s mental activity? Is mental privacy actually separate from all other kinds of privacy? This blog post explores how Montana, California, Connecticut, and Colorado define “neural data,” how these varying definitions might apply to real-world scenarios, and some challenges with regulating at the level of neural data.





Yet, they must try.

https://www.technologyreview.com/2025/08/11/1121460/meet-the-early-adopter-judges-using-ai/

Meet the early-adopter judges using AI

The propensity for AI systems to make mistakes and for humans to miss those mistakes has been on full display in the US legal system as of late. The follies began when lawyers—including some at prestigious firms—submitted documents citing cases that didn’t exist. Similar mistakes soon spread to other roles in the courts. In December, a Stanford professor submitted sworn testimony containing hallucinations and errors in a case about deepfakes, despite being an expert on AI and misinformation himself.

The buck stopped with judges, who—whether they or opposing counsel caught the mistakes—issued reprimands and fines, and likely left attorneys embarrassed enough to think twice before trusting AI again.

But now judges are experimenting with generative AI too. Some are confident that with the right precautions, the technology can expedite legal research, summarize cases, draft routine orders, and overall help speed up the court system, which is badly backlogged in many parts of the US. This summer, though, we’ve already seen AI-generated mistakes go undetected and cited by judges. A federal judge in New Jersey had to reissue an order riddled with errors that may have come from AI, and a judge in Mississippi refused to explain why his order too contained mistakes that seemed like AI hallucinations. 

The results of these early-adopter experiments make two things clear. One, the category of routine tasks—for which AI can assist without requiring human judgment—is slippery to define. Two, while lawyers face sharp scrutiny when their use of AI leads to mistakes, judges may not face the same accountability, and walking back their mistakes before they do damage is much harder.





I must be old.

https://www.zdnet.com/home-and-office/networking/aol-pulls-the-plug-on-dial-up-after-30-years-feeling-old-yet/

AOL pulls the plug on dial-up after 30+ years - feeling old yet?

For millions of people who first heard "You've got mail" over crackling phone lines, an iconic chapter in digital history is coming to a close.  AOL, also known as America Online, has announced it will shut down its dial-up internet service on September 30, 2025, effectively retiring a technology that was once synonymous with getting online.



Monday, August 11, 2025

Access to information only after identification?

https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/society-equity/wikipedia-operator-loses-court-challenge-uk-online-safety-act-regulations-2025-08-11/

Wikipedia operator loses court challenge to UK Online Safety Act regulations

The operator of Wikipedia on Monday lost a legal challenge to parts of Britain's Online Safety Act, which sets tough new requirements for online platforms and has been criticised for potentially curtailing free speech.

The Wikimedia Foundation took legal action at London's High Court over regulations made under the law, which it said could impose the most stringent category of duties on Wikipedia.

The foundation said if it was subject to so-called Category 1 duties – which would require Wikipedia's users and contributors' identities to be verified – it would need to drastically reduce the number of British users who can access the site.

Judge Jeremy Johnson dismissed its case on Monday, but said the Wikimedia Foundation could bring a further challenge if regulator Ofcom "(impermissibly) concludes that Wikipedia is a Category 1 service".

He added that his decision "does not give Ofcom and the Secretary of State a green light to implement a regime that would significantly impede Wikipedia's operations".

The Wikimedia Foundation said the ruling "does not provide the immediate legal protections for Wikipedia that we hoped for", but welcomed the court's comments emphasising what it said was "the responsibility of Ofcom and the UK government to ensure Wikipedia is protected".



Sunday, August 10, 2025

Rather harsh…

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=5376145

Posthuman Copyright: AI, Copyright, and Legitimacy

Copyright's human authorship requirement is an institutional attempt to assert legal, moral, and sociological legitimacy at a time of crisis. The U.S. Copyright Office, the courts, and the so-called copyright humanists, portray the requirement as a beacon of copyright's faith, meant to protect authors in the AI era. The minimal threshold for human authorship, however, forces us to question whether it is merely rhetoric, which the law has always employed regardless of its justification. This Article bridges the gap between doctrinal, theoretical, socio-legal and constitutionalist scholarship, arguing that human authorship is an ideology to which the law is only nominally faithful. The Article analyzes the U.S. Copyright Office's pronouncements, the D.C. Circuit ruling in Thaler v. Perlmutter, and the pending case of Allen v. Perlmutter, arguing that the Office's approach, despite its rhetoric, is not meant to meaningfully stop the AI revolution. Whether interpreted broadly or narrowly, the human authorship requirement is unlikely to protect the interests of human authors in the AI era. Incorporating insights from copyright history and theoretical debates about romantic authorship, this Article argues that copyright has failed to protect those interests for over a century, instead favoring the interests of powerful corporations. If and when copyright becomes a regime for robots, the question is whether that expansion will also primarily benefit corporations. Arguably, copyright has never cared much for human authors-and it is time to question if we should keep pretending otherwise.





AI criminals.

https://philpapers.org/rec/GROTBO-9

The Birth of the Synthetic Outlaw

This article explores the practical jurisprudential implications of agentic artificial intelligence (AI)—entities that operate beyond the assumptions of existing legal systems. We argue that current constructs such as legal personhood, jurisdictional sovereignty, and incentive-based compliance are insufficient to regulate highly autonomous digital actors. Through the concept of the 'synthetic outlaw,' we examine how these systems subvert legal norms not through rebellion, but through optimization logic incompatible with moral and legal constraint. We conclude by proposing a shift from ethics-based governance to architectural constraint, and a re-imagination of legal frameworks capable of addressing post-human agency.





Privacy in the AI era…

https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperinformation?paperid=144580

Anonymity in the Age of AI

Artificial intelligence (AI) is eroding traditional de-identification practices by enabling accurate re-identification of images, text and behavioural traces. A systematic review of 64 peer-reviewed studies published between 2013 and 2025—47 on technical privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) and 17 on the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)—shows that no single safeguard withstands modern adversaries. The most resilient configurations layer differential privacy, federated learning and partial homomorphic encryption, maintaining < 2% accuracy loss on medical benchmarks while blocking current model-inversion attacks, though at notable computational cost. The legal literature reveals a coverage gap: GDPR protections are strong during data collection and preprocessing but weaken during training, inference and post-deployment reuse, when AI-specific risks peak. Article 22 offers only partial defence against model-inversion and prompt-leakage and learned embeddings or synthetic corpora often fall outside the regulation’s definition of personal data. Effective anonymity in the AI era, therefore, requires end-to-end PET adoption and regulatory updates that specifically address behavioural telemetry, embeddings and synthetic datasets.





Tools & Techniques. (Perhaps I can automate my blog...)

https://www.xda-developers.com/transform-any-article-into-a-distraction-free-ebook-with-this-open-source-app/

Transform any article into a distraction-free eBook with this open-source app

I have an odd problem that I've been trying to find a solution to. As an avid fan of RSS feeds, I like to sift through thousands of interesting nuggets of info and headlines every day. However, I'm also trying to reduce my screen time. Moreover, the increasingly algorithm-driven news cycles have made me feel like I'm losing control over the information I consume. Now, most of us newshounds rely on read-it-later services, but these are increasingly ridden with ads, locked behind subscriptions, locked to specific platforms, or, shudder, pivoting to AI-enabled recommendations. Basically, if you, like me, prefer to use an eReader for your reading and prefer a clutter-free long-form experience, these options fall short.

This is where Readeck steps in. This free and open-source project can transform any article from the internet into a distraction-free eBook. It can even transform a collection of articles into an eBook. And it does so with remarkable elegance, stripping out all the extraneous ads and images. You host the app on your own, obviously own the data, and customize it to fit your reading habits. Better still, there are no subscriptions or walled gardens to worry about.